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Bear Planet Poll
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What you think when is okay to kill bears?
Total votes: 3996
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Brown Bear
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Brown bear is master in a belly-flop...One of the more widespread fishing techniques used by bears.
From a vantage point beside or in the water, the bears waits until it spots a fish strugling upstream and then dives, pinning the salmon against the rocky river
bottom with its paws or mouth.
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One naturalist observed a bear catch two salmon in 15 minutes
with only six dives.
Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) is the most widespread member of the bear family,
which is found throughout Europe, Asia and North America. Scientifically, more is known about brown bear
than any of the other bear species escept for the American black bear. Despite its name, the brown bear ranges
in color from black to yellow, reddish and even beige. In some areas, brown bears grow as large as polar bears and in
other places they are less than half that size. Because of these differences in size and colour
, people used to think there were many different species, not just on.
In the northern hemisphere the brown bear was
long feared, admired and even worshiped as the king of beasts, taking a special place in folk tales.
Subspecies of the Brown Bear are:
- Grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis)
- Kodiak bear (Ursus arctos middendorffi)
- European Brown Bear (Ursus arctos arctos )
- Siberian Brown Bear (Ursus arctos beringianus)
- Atlas Bear (Ursus arctos crowtheri)
- Gobi bear (Ursus arctos gobiensis)
- Himalayan Brown Bear (Ursus arctos isabellinus)
- Carpathian Bear (Ursus arctos formicarius)
- Marsican Bear (Ursus arctos marsicanus)
- Mexican Grizzly Bear (Ursus arctos nelsoni)
- Tibetan Blue Bear (Ursus arctos pruinosus)
- Syrian Brown Bear (Ursus arctos syriacus)
- Hokkaido Brown Bear (Ursus arctos yesoensis)
The brown bears that remain in the forst of Europe are
generally small. Those living in the remote Pyrenees or Alps may weight 91 kilograms or less,
though some Scandinavian and Russian bears weight more than 340 kilograms.
They were once widespread across Europe, but today they ony survive in reasonable
numbers in the forests if Scandinaiva, Romania, Russia and ex-Yugoslavia. A few still
live in Spain, the Pyrenees and the Abruzzi mountains of Italy. Generally spoken European brown
bear are small, weighing between 45-120kg, and feed on a wide range of plants and small animals.
Unlike North America, there are hardly any dangerous encounters between people and brown
bears in Europe. The bears seem to have learned to keep well away from humans.
Still farther east across the pacific in the western United States, Canada and
Alaska the brown bear known
as the grizzly - Ursus arctos horribilis (because the white-tipped hairs of many animals give it a frosted
or grizzled appearance) may reach 410 kilograms or more in adult male.
Kodiak bears (Ursus arctos middendorffi) may reach up to 680 kilogram.
Brown bears have no natural enemies and can easily food on their own, they have no
need for the benefits of group living
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Brown Bear Characteristic
The brown bears have a large bump of muscles above their shoulders
which gives the force to the forelimbs to dig.
Their heads are large and round with a concave facial profile.
Upright, the bear reaches a height from 1.5 to 3 meters. In spite of their size,
they can run has speeds going up to 56 km/h.
The brown bear is digitigrade legs fronts and plantigrade of the back legs.
I.e. that it poses in first the “fingers” then then the heel of its forefeet
and that it poses all the plant of its legs posterior at the same time.
The largest populations live in Russia, with 120.000 bears,
in the United States with 32.500 bears and Canada with 21.750 bears.
One finds small populations of brown bears in much of country of Europe,
of Spain in Russia. In Europe there are of them approximately 14.000,
separated in 10 distinct populations.
95% of the brown bears living in the United States are in Alaska.
Without the program of reinforcement (set up in 1996),
the brown bear was condemned to an unquestionable disappearance. The program of
Europese reinforcement succeeded in making go up the population with about fifteen
individuals in 2005.
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Brown Bear Pictures
Mother and Cubs
Newborn cubs (usually born in January of February and usually from one to four in number but normally two) are approximately 23 to 28 centimeters long and weigh 340 to 680 gram.
They are suckled by the mother in her winter den until April or May,
then emerge to follow her
in search of food.The cubs normally stay with her for one or more years,
until the female is ready
to mate again and raise another brood.
Their eyes are closed and them appear naked, although they are
covered with short
grey hair. Young animals are characterized by a roundish head,
which takes the elongated form of the adult head only in growth, a process,
which can extend over their whole life.
A young bear (picture below) - no longer protected by its mother
tried to elude another bear by diving
into the water to protect its catch.
Weaned by the age of two and a half, cubs are then on their own,
though it will be
another half year before female cubs reach sexual maturity and another
year and a half
for males. If their mother mates again they may leave her partly out
of fear of her
new suitor, since cub-killing by board is not at all uncommon.
The father has nothing to do with cubs and a female bear will fiercely defend her cubs from any enemies.
Cubs can be, however, killed by predators such as wolves and by other bears who want to mate
with the mother. Cubs learn everything from their mothers that include kinds of food to eat,
where and how to make their dens, behaviour with other bears but also survival skills from their mother.
Cubs that are raised in captivity can never survive in the wild because they have not learned these essential skills.
Brown Bear Family
A sow, carrying a big salmon (on picture below), and cubs leave
the water of big river. The cubs may or may not be her own;
familial mix-ups are common during this annual gathering, for though
sows can distinguish their own cubs, cubs often seem unable
to recognize their mothers. Most sown, however, will feed and even nurse an
alien cub until its mother comes to claim it. Should the cub go unclaimed, it stays with its
new mother and is treated as one of the family.
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Brown Bear Facts
- Name: Brown Bear (Ursus maritimus)
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Subphylum: Vertebrata
- Class: Mammalia
- Subclass: Theria
- Order: Carnivora
- Family: Ursidae
- Age at Maturity: 8 o 10 years males, 4.5 to 7 years females
- Length of life: 20 to 25 years in the wild
- Size: Varies considerably between populations
- Weight: 135 to 390 kg males
95 to 205 kg females
- Habitat: A wide range from subalpine mountain, areas, tundra ad dense forest
- Diet: Vegatation - grasses, sedges, bubls, insects, fish, small mammals, rots and in some areas moose, caribou and elk.
- Gestation: 6 to 9 months
- Cubs: 1 to 2 cubs and occasionally as many as four cubs
- SubFamily: Ursinae
- Genus: Ursus
- Distribution: Localized populations in Europe, Japan, northern Asia, western Canada, Alaska, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho and Washington
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